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Pediatric epistaxis.

John F Damrose1, John Maddalozzo

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA.

The Laryngoscope
|March 17, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Pediatric epistaxis (nosebleeds) evaluation should screen for anemia and coagulopathy. Routine sinus CT scans are unnecessary, and most nosebleeds resolve with nasal rehydration, though rhinosinusitis may be a factor.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Epistaxis is a common pediatric concern.
  • Optimal evaluation and treatment strategies lack consensus among otolaryngologists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate an outpatient approach for pediatric epistaxis.
  • To identify key diagnostic and treatment components for pediatric nosebleeds.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 90 pediatric patients with epistaxis.
  • Analysis of laboratory findings (anemia, coagulopathy) and imaging (CT scans).

Main Results:

  • Anemia detected in 22% of patients; coagulopathy in 7.8%.
  • Sinus CT scans (nearly 90% of patients) revealed no masses but common opacification suggesting sinusitis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Most cases resolved with topical nasal emollients.

    • Conclusions:

    • Outpatient epistaxis evaluation should include anemia and coagulopathy screening.
    • Routine sinus CT imaging is not recommended for pediatric epistaxis.
    • Nasal mucosal rehydration is effective; consider rhinosinusitis as a contributing factor.