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Related Experiment Videos

Analysis of optic nerve stroke by retinal Bex expression.

Steven L Bernstein1, Jae Hyung Koo, Bernard J Slater

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland-Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. slbernst@umaryland.edu

Molecular Vision
|March 17, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Brain-expressed X-linked (Bex) proteins are selectively found in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Bex can help evaluate optic nerve stroke effects on RGCs and their axons.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are crucial neurons affected by optic nerve stroke and glaucoma.
  • Subsets of RGCs project to various central nervous system (CNS) areas.
  • Brain-expressed X-linked (Bex) proteins, Bex1 and Bex2, show immunoreactivity in these CNS projection areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of Bex1 and Bex2 proteins within the retina.
  • To determine if Bex proteins are selectively expressed in RGCs.
  • To evaluate the role of Bex proteins in RGCs and their response to optic nerve injury.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized rats and transgenic mice, including a rodent anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rAION) model.
  • Employed anti-Bex1 antibody for retinal tissue analysis.

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  • Used double transgenic mice for short-term rAION effects on RGC Bex expression.
  • Performed retrograde labeling for RGC identification and analyzed retinas via immunochemistry and confocal microscopy.

    • Main Results:

    • High levels of Bex immunoreactivity were observed in the retina.
    • Bex1 and Bex2 were selectively expressed in RGCs, with differential expression in large RGC neurons.
    • Bex signal was lower in small RGC neurons, which express high levels of Brn3b.
    • Following stroke, Bex accumulated in the RGC cytoplasm, correlating with optic nerve edema.

    Conclusions:

    • Bex immunoreactivity serves as an ex vivo marker for RGC distribution and axonal integrity in the retina.
    • Bex proteins can be used to assess both short- and long-term effects of optic nerve stroke on RGCs.
    • Bex proteins may play a significant role in regulating RGC functions, including axonal and cell body components.