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Updated: Aug 4, 2026
Impact Assessment of Repeated Exposure of Organotypic 3D Bronchial and Nasal Tissue Culture Models to Whole Cigarette Smoke
Published on: February 12, 2015
[C-reactive protein value related to a smoking history and composition of nicotine and tobacco tar]
C E Martín de Diego1, F J Gómez de Terreros Sánchez, M C Caro de Miguel
1Hospital Central de la Defensa, Madrid, Spain. clara@adsltelecor.com
Introduction:
The CRP is known to be an acute phase reactant, but with new high sensitivity assay methods it appears that CRP is also a marker of chronic inflammation. This study was to investigate whether smoking acts as a systemic disease and to see if there is a relation between CRP values and smoking.
Material And Methods:
762 persons were studied, with a mean age of 41.74+/-10.03 years. 200 were smokers, 344 were non-smokers and 218 were ex-smokers. The following details were noted in the smoking history: cigarette brand, number of cigarettes/day, number of years smoking and milligrams of nicotine and tar. In the case of ex-smokers, the number of years since giving up smoking was noted. The CRP was determined using the high sensitive Tina-Quant assay. Windows SPSS version 11.0 software was used.
Results:
The CRP values showed statistically significant differences between the smoking and non-smoking groups. A statistically significant increase in CRP was observed in relation to number of cigarettes/day (p=0.001), mg of nicotine (p=0.017), mg of tar (p=0.020) and number of years of smoking (p=0.0001). However, when analysing the relation between CRP and the number of years since giving up smoking, there was a negative curve of 0.02 in the equation, but this was not of statistical significance.
Conclusions:
CRP levels rise when there is an increase in number of cigarettes/day, mg of nicotine and tar and years smoking.
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