[Octreotide therapy for persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Endocrinology
• Neonatology
• Surgical Gastroenterology

Background:

• Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) is the leading cause of persistent hyperinsulinism in infants.
• PHHI poses significant risks to central nervous system development.
• Limited effective clinical treatment options exist for PHHI.

Observation:

• A case report of a newborn experiencing hypoglycemic episodes within 24 hours of birth.
• Successful initial management of the infant's condition using octreotide.
• The case highlights the challenges in managing PHHI.

Findings:

• Octreotide demonstrated efficacy as a pre-surgical treatment for PHHI.
• Preoperative evaluation is critical for differentiating focal and diffuse pancreatic disease.
• Distinguishing between focal and diffuse PHHI guides surgical approach and improves outcomes.

Implications:

• Octreotide represents a valuable therapeutic option for PHHI prior to surgical intervention.
• Accurate preoperative assessment is essential for optimizing surgical resection and minimizing complications.
• Partial pancreatectomy is the preferred surgical method for focal PHHI, enhancing patient outcomes.