Complete hydatidiform mole and normal live birth following intracytoplasmic sperm injection

A twin pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole (HM) and preterm birth of a normal female infant after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) conception was experienced. ICSI due to severe oligozoospermia was performed on three ova, and three embryos with confirmed two proneclei (2PN) were subsequently transferred to the uterus. At 7 weeks of gestation, molar pregnancy as well as a viable fetus was recognized. At 33 weeks, the pregnancy was terminated due to preterm labor. Dichorionic pregnancy consisting of a normal fetus and placenta in one chorionic membrane and complete HM in the other was recognized. Cytomolecular analysis indicated that the complete HM genome was derived from duplication of a single sperm, and a normal neonate was from biparental genomes. It should be noted that ICSI can avoid incomplete HM (mostly triploid) due to multi-sperm fertilization but might not be able to avoid complete HM (paternal diploid) although such a risk is very low. This is the second report of this condition and is accompanied by the first well-described molecular analysis.