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[Prolactin and breast cancers].

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    Prolactin, a hormone, acts as a cocarcinogen in rodents, promoting breast tumor development and reducing latency. Further research is needed to confirm prolactin's comparable role in human breast cancer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Molecular Biology

    Context:

    • Prolactin's role in mammary gland development is established.
    • Evidence suggests prolactin may influence tumorigenesis.
    • Rodent models show prolactin administration increases breast tumor incidence.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the cocarcinogenic activity of prolactin in breast cancer.
    • To explore the synergistic effects of prolactin and estrogens on mammary cells.
    • To determine the potential for prolactin dependency in mammary carcinomas.

    Summary:

    • In rats and mice, prolactin administration or stimulated secretion increases breast tumor incidence and shortens latency periods.
    • Prolonged hyperprolactinemia, induced by hypothalamic inhibition, promotes breast carcinoma development.
    • Estrogens and prolactin synergistically affect mammary acinar cells, with prolactin dependency linked to persistent cell receptors.

    Impact:

    • This research highlights prolactin as a potential cocarcinogen in breast cancer.
    • Findings suggest that targeting prolactin pathways could be a therapeutic strategy.
    • Further human studies using radioimmunoassay and epidemiological data are crucial to validate prolactin's role in human breast cancer.