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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

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Linking linear programming and spatial simulation models to predict landscape effects of forest management

Eric J Gustafson¹, L Jay Roberts, Larry A Leefers

¹USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA. egustafson@fs.fed.us

Journal of Environmental Management

|March 22, 2006

Summary

Forest management models reveal trade-offs between timber harvesting and wildlife habitat. Alternative plans increased forest interior and edge habitats, but spatial differences were modest.

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Area of Science:

Forestry Science
Wildlife Ecology
Spatial Analysis

Background:

Forest management requires tools to balance timber production and wildlife habitat.
Assessing spatial impacts of management strategies is crucial for effective planning.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate spatial patterns of alternative forest management strategies.
To quantify and compare the effects of different plans on habitat characteristics.

Main Methods:

Linked linear programming (Spectrum) for timber harvest optimization with a simulation model (HARVEST) for spatial projection.
Used spatially explicit projections to calculate habitat patterns.

Main Results:

Forest interior habitat increased as timber harvesting decreased; edge habitat increased with timber harvesting.
Mature forest age classes increased, while young classes decreased across all alternatives.
Average patch size generally decreased, indicating a shift in spatial configuration.

Conclusions:

Complementary modeling approach effectively quantifies spatial effects of forest management alternatives.
Results show modest spatial differences among alternatives, despite meeting design goals.
The study provides valuable insights for balancing competing forest benefits.