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Link between reduced nephron number and hypertension: studies in a mutant mouse model
Deepali Pitre Poladia1, Kayle Kish, Benjamin Kutay
1Center for Cell and Vascular Biology, Columbus Children's Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Pediatric Research
|March 22, 2006
Summary
Reduced nephron number in utero, without low birth weight, increases hypertension risk. This study in mutant mice shows a link between fewer nephrons and adult-onset hypertension and kidney disease.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Developmental Biology
- Cardiovascular Science
Background:
- Low birth weight (LBW) infants with fewer nephrons face higher hypertension risk.
- The independent risk of reduced nephron number alone, irrespective of LBW, remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if in utero reduced nephron number, independent of LBW, contributes to adult hypertension.
- To establish a mouse model for studying the link between reduced nephron endowment and hypertension.
Main Methods:
- Developed a mutant mouse model with reduced nephron number in utero via fgfr2 deletion in the ureteric bud.
- Assessed adult blood pressure using tail cuff measurements.
- Evaluated cardiac and renal function and histology.
Main Results:
- Mutant mice exhibited significantly increased systolic blood pressure at one year of age.
- Cardiac alterations (increased heart weight, LV wall thickness) and elevated systemic vascular resistance were observed.
- Elevated serum BUN and evidence of glomerular/renal tubular injury indicated chronic kidney disease.
Conclusions:
- In utero reduced nephron number, independent of LBW, is a risk factor for adult hypertension.
- The developed mutant mouse model is relevant for studying hypertension and chronic renal failure.
- Findings highlight the long-term consequences of reduced nephron endowment on cardiovascular and renal health.
