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Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Evaluation of Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Subsets in a Subcutaneous Tumor Model
Published on: April 13, 2015
Interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha: model of immunomodulation in multiple sclerosis
Oreste Perrella1, Costanza Sbreglia, Marco Perrella
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, D. Cotugno Hospital, Naples, Italy. alex.perrel@virgilio.it
Objectives:
The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CD4+ CD7+ T cells and peripheral blood (PB) interleukin-10 (IL-10) as well as tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in patients with definite multiple sclerosis of the relapsing-remitting type.
Methods:
To assess the above-mentioned cytokine levels we performed our test by the means of ELI-spot assay; the T-helper cell subset was assayed using flow cytometry.
Results:
PB IL-10 levels of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in remission were significantly (p<0.001) higher than in MS patients in the active phase. There was significant and increased evidence of TNF-alpha levels only in the MS patients in the active phase. CD4+ CD7+ T cells, characterized by a preferential Th1-like cytokine profile, were detectable only in seven patients in the active phase without evidence of a statistical significance with respect to cytokine levels.
Conclusion:
The data indicate that the production of different cytokines characterized the expression of relapsing-remitting MS. The data also suggest that is it possible to control MS using the regulatory cytokine balance.
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