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Related Experiment Videos

Left ventricular functional response to moderate and intense exercise.

J M Goodman1, M J Plyley, C A Lefkowitz

  • 1School of Physical and Health Education, University of Toronto, Ontario.

Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences = Journal Canadien Des Sciences Du Sport
|September 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and volume increase during exercise, indicating the Frank-Starling mechanism is active. Cardiac contractility also augments LV performance, especially after the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiac Mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding left ventricular (LV) function during exercise is crucial for assessing cardiovascular health.
  • The interplay between preload, afterload, and contractility influences LV performance during physical exertion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of LV volume and ejection fraction (EF) to upright exercise in healthy individuals.
  • To determine the contribution of the Frank-Starling mechanism and contractility to LV performance across different exercise intensities.

Main Methods:

  • 15 healthy subjects underwent cycle ergometry.
  • Cardiac function and gas exchange were measured at rest, 85% of ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT), and peak exercise.
  • Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction were assessed.

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Main Results:

  • Ejection fraction (EF) significantly increased from rest (58%) to submaximal (66%) and peak exercise (69%).
  • End-diastolic volume increased significantly during exercise, while end-systolic volume decreased at peak exercise.
  • The systolic pressure/end-systolic volume ratio increased, suggesting enhanced contractility.

Conclusions:

  • The Frank-Starling mechanism is operative throughout exercise, particularly below the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT).
  • Left ventricular performance is further enhanced by increased contractility after the VAT, with continued but diminished Frank-Starling mechanism utilization.