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Longitudinal reference ranges for estimated fetal weight.

Synnøve Lian Johnsen1, Svein Rasmussen, Tom Wilsgaard

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. synnove.johnsen@helse-bergen.no

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
|March 24, 2006
PubMed
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This study establishes reference ranges for estimated fetal weight (EFW) from 20 to 42 weeks gestation. Maternal age and smoking significantly impact fetal growth, allowing for personalized EFW predictions.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Perinatal Research

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of fetal growth is crucial for monitoring pregnancy health.
  • Existing fetal weight references may not fully account for diverse fetal and maternal factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish robust reference ranges for estimated fetal weight (EFW) between 20 and 42 gestational weeks.
  • To investigate the influence of various fetal and maternal characteristics on intrauterine growth patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective longitudinal study involving 634 low-risk pregnancies and 1799 ultrasound examinations.
  • Estimated fetal weight (EFW) calculated using the Combs et al. formula based on head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length.
  • Statistical analysis employed regression analysis and multilevel modeling to identify influencing factors.

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Main Results:

  • Estimated fetal weight (EFW) demonstrated a continuous growth pattern until term.
  • Male fetuses were heavier than female fetuses (5% at 20 weeks, 3% at 40 weeks).
  • Maternal age over 34, maternal height, smoking, and fetal presentation significantly affected EFW, while maternal weight, BMI, and parity did not.

Conclusions:

  • The developed growth chart provides reliable reference ranges for assessing EFW and fetal growth.
  • Incorporating fetal and maternal variables into models allows for individualized EFW prediction and enhanced clinical management.