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Spermicide permeation through biocompatible polymers.

W M Saltzman1, L B Tena

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.

Contraception
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Controlled-release spermicides, like nonoxynol-9 (N9) in a vaginal ring, offer improved convenience and effectiveness. Polymers like EVAc and SILASTIC enable sustained N9 release for over 30 days.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Reproductive Health
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Spermicides are effective but inconvenient.
  • Controlled-release formulations can enhance user acceptance and effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the controlled release of spermicides (nonoxynol-9, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine) from polymer matrices.
  • To develop and test predictive models for spermicide release from vaginal rings.

Main Methods:

  • Permeation rates of spermicides through ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc) and silicone elastomer (SILASTIC) films were measured.
  • Spermicide release from solid polymer matrices was quantified.
  • Predictive equations for vaginal ring release rates were developed and tested using hollow SILASTIC rings.
Keywords:
ContraceptionContraceptive Agents--administraction and dosageContraceptive MethodsDimethylpolysiloxanesExaminations And DiagnosesFamily PlanningIngredients And ChemicalsInorganic ChemicalsLaboratory Examinations And DiagnosesLaboratory ProceduresNonoxynol-9--administraction and dosageSiliconSiliconeSpermicidal Contraceptive Agents--administraction and dosageVaginal Rings

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Main Results:

  • Nonoxynol-9 (N9) exhibited significantly slower diffusion through SILASTIC compared to water.
  • Permeation rates of N9 through EVAc, BC through SILASTIC, and CH through SILASTIC were negligible.
  • EVAc and SILASTIC polymer matrices demonstrated controlled N9 release over several days.
  • A proposed vaginal ring design (EVAc/N9 core with SILASTIC layer) is predicted to provide sustained N9 release for >30 days.

Conclusions:

  • A vaginal ring with an EVAc/N9 core and SILASTIC layer shows promise for long-acting, controlled N9 delivery.
  • Benzalkonium chloride (BC) is unsuitable for long-acting rings due to low SILASTIC permeability.
  • Chlorhexidine (CH) is not ideal for controlled release due to low water solubility.