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Measles vaccination effectiveness among children under 5 years of age in Kampala, Uganda

Ezekiel Mupere1, Charles Karamagi, George Zirembuzi

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. mupez@yahoo.com

Vaccine
|March 24, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Measles vaccination effectiveness in Uganda was 74%, lower than anticipated. This suggests a need to improve vaccine cold chain and consider additional measles vaccination opportunities.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Measles remains a significant public health challenge in Uganda.
  • Effective measles control relies heavily on successful vaccination programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of measles vaccination among household contacts in Uganda.
  • To identify potential factors contributing to lower-than-expected vaccine effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted involving household contacts aged 9-59 months.
  • Index measles cases were identified from Kampala hospitals in 1999.
  • Measles diagnosis rates were compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated contacts.

Main Results:

  • Measles incidence was significantly higher in unvaccinated contacts (86%) compared to vaccinated contacts (23%).
  • The calculated measles vaccination effectiveness was 74% (95% CI; 64-81).
  • This effectiveness rate was lower than generally expected.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a potential need to strengthen the vaccine cold chain in Uganda.
  • Consideration should be given to implementing a second opportunity for measles vaccination.
  • Supplementary immunization activities or routine program integration may be necessary.

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