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Related Experiment Videos

Response calculation for standard ionization chambers in the APMP using EGS4 Monte Carlo code.

Yasushi Sato1, Akira Yunoki, Yoshio Hino

  • 1National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Ttsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan. yss.sato@aist.go.jp

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|March 25, 2006
PubMed
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Intercomparisons of ionization chambers for radioactivity measurement showed good agreement for high-energy gamma rays. Discrepancies arose with low-energy gamma rays, prompting Monte Carlo simulations to investigate influencing factors.

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics and Metrology
  • Radioactivity Measurement Standards

Background:

  • The Asia-Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP) radioactivity group (TCRI) conducted intercomparisons to enhance secondary standards for radioactivity measurement.
  • Calibration factors of ionization chambers were compared among member laboratories using distributed radioactive sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To improve the calibration accuracy of ionization chambers used as secondary standards in radioactivity measurements.
  • To identify and understand the causes of discrepancies in calibration factor comparisons, particularly for low-energy gamma-emitting radioisotopes.

Main Methods:

  • Intercomparison of ionization chamber calibration factors across participating laboratories.
  • Analysis of measurement results for various radioisotopes, distinguishing between high- and low-energy gamma ray contributions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the impact of physical parameters (wall thickness, sample holder material, ionizing gas composition) on measurement discrepancies.

    • Main Results:

    • Good agreement was observed for radioisotopes emitting high-energy gamma rays, as expected.
    • Significant discrepancies were found between laboratories for radioisotopes dominated by low-energy gamma ray emissions.
    • Monte Carlo simulations provided insights into how chamber wall thickness, sample holder material, and gas composition affect ionization current measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • The calibration of ionization chambers for radioactivity measurement is reliable for high-energy gamma emitters.
    • Low-energy gamma ray measurements present challenges, leading to discrepancies that require further investigation and standardization.
    • Monte Carlo simulations are a valuable tool for understanding and potentially mitigating systematic errors in radioactivity metrology.