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Related Experiment Videos

ITAM-mediated tonic signalling through pre-BCR and BCR complexes.

John G Monroe1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. monroej@mail.med.upenn.edu

Nature Reviews. Immunology
|March 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Tonic signaling, independent of ligand engagement, is a key function of B-cell receptors. This review explores mechanisms regulating tonic signals and their role in oncogenic transformation.

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B-cell receptor.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2008

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Signaling
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The B-cell receptor (BCR) and pre-BCR complexes, containing Ig alpha-Ig beta, are known to signal without ligand engagement.
  • This ligand-independent signaling is termed tonic signaling and plays a crucial role in immune cell development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on the mechanisms initiating and regulating tonic signaling.
  • To differentiate tonic signaling from ligand-dependent (aggregation-mediated) signaling.
  • To explore the relevance of tonic signals in oncogenic transformation of non-hematopoietic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on B-cell receptor signaling.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying tonic signal initiation and regulation.

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  • Comparison of tonic and aggregation-mediated signaling pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence supports tonic signaling as an intrinsic property of Ig alpha-Ig beta-containing complexes.
    • Potential mechanisms for tonic signal initiation and regulation are discussed, highlighting differences from ligand-dependent signaling.
    • Tonic signals mediated by viral ITAM-containing proteins may induce transformation in non-hematopoietic cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Tonic signaling is a fundamental aspect of BCR and pre-BCR function.
    • Understanding tonic signaling mechanisms is crucial for deciphering its role in both normal immunity and disease.
    • Further research is warranted to investigate the oncogenic potential of virally induced tonic signals.