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Related Experiment Videos

Immunosuppression by murine sarcoma virus (Moloney).

S P Chan1, W A Hook, W Turner

  • 1Microbiological Associates, Inc., and Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental Research, and Viral Leukemia and Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014.

Infection and Immunity
|March 1, 1970
PubMed
Summary

Murine sarcoma virus infection suppresses immune responses in mice. Antibody production and skin graft rejection were inhibited at specific times post-infection, indicating complex immune modulation by the virus.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Murine sarcoma virus (Moloney) is a retrovirus known to induce tumors in mice.
  • Viral infections can significantly impact the host's immune system, affecting both humoral and cellular immunity.
  • Understanding the temporal dynamics of immune suppression is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Moloney murine sarcoma virus infection on humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.
  • To determine the correlation between tumor progression and the degree of immune suppression.
  • To identify specific time points post-infection where immune responses are most affected.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were infected with Moloney murine sarcoma virus.

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  • Humoral immune response was assessed by measuring antibody production to sheep erythrocyte antigen at various time points post-infection.
  • Cellular immune response was evaluated by measuring skin graft survival time in infected and control mice.

    • Main Results:

    • Humoral antibody response was significantly suppressed when antigen was administered during maximal tumor growth, partial tumor regression, and the appearance of secondary tumors/metastases.
    • No significant suppression of humoral immunity was observed when antigen was given 5 days post-infection.
    • Cellular immunity, indicated by prolonged skin graft survival, was suppressed in mice infected 5 days prior to grafting, but not at other assessed time points.

    Conclusions:

    • Moloney murine sarcoma virus infection induces a complex pattern of immune suppression, affecting both humoral and cellular immunity.
    • The timing of antigen exposure relative to viral infection and tumor progression is critical in determining the extent of immune suppression.
    • Early viral infection (5 days prior to antigen challenge) appears to prime for cellular immune suppression, while later stages impact humoral immunity more significantly.