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Chronic brachial plexopathies and upper extremity proprioception and strength.

C B Swanik1, T J Henry, S M Lephart

  • 1C. Buz Swanik is Doctoral Candidate in the Sports Medicine Program at University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261.

Journal of Athletic Training
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent brachial plexopathies in athletes significantly impair shoulder strength and proprioception. Athletes with more injuries experience greater strength deficits, highlighting the need for prompt re-evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Brachial plexopathies are common nerve injuries in collision sports, often underreported by athletes.
  • Repeated episodes can lead to chronic brachial plexus issues, increasing susceptibility to further injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of multiple brachial plexus injuries on shoulder strength and proprioception in athletes.
  • To determine if the number of brachial plexopathy episodes correlates with the severity of functional deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Ten male intercollegiate football players with at least three unilateral brachial plexopathy episodes were assessed.
  • Evaluated isometric shoulder strength (abduction, external rotation, elbow flexion) and proprioception (threshold to detection of passive motion, reproduction of passive positioning).

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  • The uninvolved shoulder served as the control for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant strength deficits were found in the involved shoulder for abduction peak torque and overall mean peak torque compared to the uninvolved shoulder.
    • Proprioception was impaired in one specific condition: threshold to detection of passive motion in the neutral position moving into external rotation.
    • A positive correlation was observed between the number of brachial plexopathy episodes and the magnitude of strength deficits.

    Conclusions:

    • Multiple brachial plexus injuries lead to measurable deficits in shoulder strength and proprioception in athletes.
    • The severity of strength impairment is associated with the frequency of injury episodes.
    • Emphasizes the critical need for timely and thorough re-evaluation of athletes experiencing chronic or recurrent brachial plexopathies to prevent long-term functional limitations.