A standardized protocol for the initial evaluation and documentation of mild brain injury

Area of Science:

• Sports Medicine
• Neurology
• Athletic Training

Background:

• Mild brain injury (MBI) assessment is a growing concern in sports medicine.
• While MBI management strategies vary, consensus exists on initial sideline evaluations.
• Documenting the initial signs, symptoms, and their progression is crucial for athletes experiencing MBIs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a structured protocol for the initial assessment and documentation of mild brain injuries.
• This protocol is specifically designed for use within the Department of Physical Education at the United States Military Academy.
• The aim is to standardize the evaluation and management of concussions in athletes.

Main Methods:

• The protocol comprises three key components: initial evaluation, a take-home information sheet, and a 24-hour follow-up examination.
• The initial evaluation involves serial observations and neurologic checks every 5 minutes for 20 minutes post-injury.
• Follow-up includes assessing for postconcussion syndrome and determining physician referral criteria.

Main Results:

• Implementation of a standardized protocol enhances decision-making for sports medicine staff regarding MBI management.
• Standardized protocols improve the clarity of patient instructions and the consistency of follow-up evaluations.
• The protocol is adaptable for various athletic training settings and benefits both athletes and trainers.

Conclusions:

• A consistent protocol for MBI assessment and documentation aids in better clinical management decisions.
• Standardized procedures improve athlete education and follow-up care post-concussion.
• The presented protocol is designed for daily use by athletic trainers evaluating athletes at risk for mild brain injury.