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Polymer-Producing Species of Arthrobacter
H J Gasdorf1, R G Benedict, M C Cadmus
1Northern Regional Research Laboratory, Northern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois.
Journal of Bacteriology
|July 1, 1965
Summary
Two new slime-producing bacteria, Arthrobacter viscosus sp. n. (NRRL B-1973 and NRRL B-1797), were identified from Guatemalan soil. These species produce significant amounts of extracellular polysaccharide, distinct in carbohydrate composition.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Bacteriology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) are crucial microbial products with diverse applications.
- The genus Arthrobacter is known for its metabolic versatility and presence in various environments.
- Characterization of novel polymer-producing microorganisms is essential for discovering new biomaterials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize novel slime-producing microorganisms from soil.
- To determine the taxonomic classification of the isolated strains.
- To analyze the composition and production of extracellular polysaccharides by these strains.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of microorganisms from Guatemalan soil samples.
- Morphological and physiological characterization of bacterial isolates.
- Analysis of extracellular polysaccharide composition using biochemical methods.
Main Results:
- Two slime-producing strains, NRRL B-1973 and NRRL B-1797, were isolated and identified as belonging to the genus Arthrobacter.
- Both strains produced substantial amounts of extracellular polysaccharide (up to 1.4 g per 3 g of glucose).
- Strain B-1973 polysaccharide contained galactose, glucose, and mannuronic acid; strain B-1797 contained galactose, glucose, and glucuronic acid.
Conclusions:
- The isolated strains exhibit unique characteristics warranting classification as a new species, Arthrobacter viscosus sp. n.
- Arthrobacter viscosus sp. n. is a significant producer of extracellular polysaccharides with distinct sugar compositions.
- This discovery expands the known diversity within the Arthrobacter genus and highlights potential sources of novel biopolymers.
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