[Alpha-lipoic--dihydrolipoic acids--active bioantioxidant and bioregulatory system]

alpha-Lipoic (LA) acid (thioctic acid) is an intramolecular disulfide that may be simply endogenically turned into dithiol. Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA)/ LA and DHLA are bioantioxidants. They are synthesized in the body and taken with diet. Water- and lipide-soluble LA is highly-effective against the reactive oxygen species. LA (DHLA) protect the biomembranes, mitochondria from oxidative stresses of various kinds. LA, DHLA and lipoamide function as cofactors of polyenzyme mitochondrial complexes of 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases, of glycin decarboxylases and of some other enzymes. LA (DHLA) is ubiquinone reactivator and synergist by vitamin A, C, E. LA optimizes glucose metabolism, it is effective in insulin-resistant diabetes and its complications, in neutopathies and neurodegenerative diseases.