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[Adrenal cortex and gonadal function in HIV infected patients]
S Rüttimann1, P Hilti, G A Spinas
1Medizinischen Universitätspoliklinik, Kantonsspitals Basel, Schweiz.
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|January 1, 1991
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can impair adrenal function. This study found that 29% of HIV-positive patients showed subnormal cortisol response to ACTH, indicating reduced adrenal reserve.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Context:
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with various endocrine dysfunctions.
- Previous studies suggest diminished gonadal or adrenal function in HIV-infected individuals.
- The prevalence and clinical significance of these dysfunctions require further elucidation.
Purpose:
- To evaluate gonadal and adrenal function in ambulatory patients with varying stages of HIV infection.
- To assess free testosterone levels and adrenal cortisol reserve using simple screening tests.
Summary:
- This study assessed hormonal function in 18 ambulatory HIV-positive patients (asymptomatic, ARC, AIDS).
- Adrenal function was evaluated via the 30-minute ACTH test, and gonadal function by free testosterone levels.
- While all male patients had normal free testosterone, 29% (5/17) exhibited subnormal cortisol response to ACTH, suggesting diminished adrenal reserve.
- The etiological role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in adrenal insufficiency was unclear due to widespread CMV antibodies.
Impact:
- Identifies a significant proportion of HIV-infected patients with potential adrenal insufficiency.
- Highlights the utility of simple screening tests for endocrine dysfunction in HIV care.
- Suggests that adrenal reserve should be considered in the management of HIV-positive individuals.