[Pericardial effusion as the only first clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Rheumatology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Pericarditis is a common cardiac manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
• However, pericardial effusion as the sole initial presentation of SLE is uncommon.
• Early diagnosis of SLE is crucial for effective management and preventing complications.

Observation:

• A male patient presented with pericardial effusion as his only initial clinical manifestation.
• The patient's clinical course was monitored and analyzed.
• This case represents a rare initial presentation of SLE.

Findings:

• The study reports a case where pericardial effusion was the first and only presenting sign of SLE.
• Review of medical literature reveals diverse initial clinical features of SLE.
• This case underscores the variability in SLE's initial presentation.

Implications:

• Highlights the need for a broader differential diagnosis in patients presenting with pericardial effusion.
• Suggests that SLE should be considered even when other typical symptoms are absent.
• Emphasizes the importance of recognizing rare presentations for timely SLE diagnosis and treatment.