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Finger osteoarthritis and differences in dental work tasks.

S Solovieva1, T Vehmas, H Riihimäki

  • 1Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Topeliuksenkatu 41a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland. Svetlana.Solovieva@ttl.fi

Journal of Dental Research
|March 29, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Dentists performing repetitive tasks face higher risks of finger osteoarthritis. Low task variation in dental work history is linked to increased prevalence of osteoarthritis in the thumb, index, and middle fingers.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Rheumatology
  • Dental Medicine

Background:

  • Mechanical load is a suspected risk factor for hand osteoarthritis.
  • Dentists perform tasks involving significant manual forces, potentially increasing their risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dental work task patterns and the prevalence of finger osteoarthritis among dentists.
  • To determine if specific work task variations correlate with the localization of osteoarthritis in the fingers.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic examination of hands for osteoarthritis in 291 middle-aged female dentists.
  • Cluster analysis to define patterns of dental work tasks based on historical work.
  • Logistic regression analysis to account for confounding factors like age, specialization, and lifestyle.

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Main Results:

  • Three distinct patterns of dental work task variation were identified: high, moderate, and mild.
  • Dentists with a history of low task variation showed a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis in the thumb, index, and middle fingers.
  • An odds ratio of 2.22 (95% CI 1.04-4.91) indicated a greater risk for those with low task variation.

Conclusions:

  • The pattern of dental work task history is significantly associated with the development and localization of osteoarthritis in the fingers.
  • Occupational factors, specifically repetitive or low-variation tasks, should be considered in the etiology of hand osteoarthritis in dentists.
  • Further research into ergonomic interventions and preventative measures for dentists is warranted.