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What does it take to implicitly prime low-frequency category exemplars?

R Reed Hunt1, Christopher A Lamb

  • 1Psychology Department, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX 78249-0641, USA. Reed.Hunt@utsa.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|March 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Implicit priming effects depend on exemplar frequency. Low-frequency items show priming only when category label comprehension is biased, not the item itself.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Implicit priming typically increases exemplar recall.
  • This effect is observed with high-frequency items but not low-frequency ones.
  • Memory frameworks offer differing explanations for frequency effects on priming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of exemplar frequency on implicit priming.
  • Determine the conditions under which low-frequency exemplars are primed.
  • Clarify the role of category label comprehension versus exemplar bias in priming.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted.
  • Experiment 1 tested priming of low- and high-frequency exemplars.
  • Experiments 2 and 3 manipulated prior experience to influence category label comprehension.

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Main Results:

  • Low-frequency exemplars showed no priming under standard conditions.
  • High-frequency exemplars exhibited priming.
  • Priming of low-frequency exemplars occurred when category label comprehension was biased, not the exemplar itself.

Conclusions:

  • Exemplar frequency significantly modulates implicit priming.
  • Priming of low-frequency items is possible through biased category label comprehension.
  • This suggests distinct mechanisms underlying priming for high- and low-frequency exemplars.