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Differential brain activations during intentionally simulated and subjectively experienced paralysis
N S Ward1, D A Oakley, R S J Frackowiak
1Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College, London, London, UK. n-ward@fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk
Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
|March 31, 2006
Summary
Subjectively experienced paralysis and intentionally simulated paralysis involve distinct brain activity patterns. These findings aid in understanding conversion hysteria and differentiating it from malingering.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Differentiating conversion disorder from malingering is challenging due to reliance on subjective reports and clinician suspicion.
- Hypnosis was used to manipulate intentionality in movement inhibition for neurological investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the neural correlates distinguishing subjectively experienced paralysis from intentionally simulated paralysis using Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
- To explore the neural basis of conversion hysteria and malingering.
Main Methods:
- A within-subject design involved 12 healthy, hypnotized participants.
- PET scans were conducted under two conditions: subjectively experienced paralysis and intentionally simulated paralysis.
Main Results:
- Subjectively experienced paralysis showed increased activation in the right orbitofrontal cortex, right cerebellum, left thalamus, and left putamen compared to simulated paralysis.
- Intentionally simulated paralysis revealed increased activation in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and right posterior cortical structures compared to experienced paralysis.
Conclusions:
- Subjectively experienced paralysis and intentionally simulated paralysis are mediated by different neural structures.
- Findings offer insights into the neuropsychological underpinnings of conversion hysteria and malingering.
