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Related Experiment Videos

Acid-base balance: part I. Physiology.

J McNamara1, L I Worthley

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia.

Critical Care and Resuscitation : Journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine
|April 1, 2006
PubMed
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Maintaining human acid-base balance involves complex interactions between buffers, the respiratory system, and the kidneys. These systems regulate extracellular fluid pH by adjusting bicarbonate and carbon dioxide levels.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Acid-base balance is crucial for cellular function.
  • Disruptions can lead to significant physiological consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review normal human acid-base physiology.
  • To explore the pathophysiology and management of acid-base disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published peer-review abstracts and studies.
  • MEDLINE search of English language literature from 1990-2000.
  • Focus on acid-base balance.

Main Results:

  • Body buffers initially modify pH changes from metabolic acid/base addition.
  • Respiratory compensation (CO2 excretion/retention) follows.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Renal mechanisms restore plasma bicarbonate, while cellular buffers and renal systems adapt to respiratory changes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Renal and respiratory systems are key regulators of acid-base balance.
    • These systems modify extracellular fluid pH via bicarbonate (HCO3-) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2).
    • Other buffer systems adapt to changes in the bicarbonate pair.