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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
Published on: October 14, 2022
Frameless stereotactic placement of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in undersized ventricles: a simple modification to
P A Woerdeman1, P W A Willems, K S Han
1Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center-Utrecht, The Netherlands. p.a.woerdeman@neuro.azu.nl
Abstract:
The aim of this report is to introduce a simple modification to the free-hand frameless stereotactic placement of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in undersized ventricles. In this technical note, we describe our experience with ventricular catheter placement in two children suffering from shunt dependent idiopathic intracranial hypertension using an image-guided instrument holder with a catheter guide. In both patients, the surgical procedure proved to be easy and accurate, with good initial clinical results. The use of an image-guided instrument holder is a modification to the free-hand frameless stereotactic placement of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in undersized ventricles.
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