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Endothelial function in HIV-infected persons.

Anthony Solages1, Joseph A Vita, David J Thornton

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|April 6, 2006
PubMed
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impairs endothelial function, impacting blood vessel dilation. This dysfunction is linked to HIV replication levels, especially in injection drug users.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Reports suggest increased coronary disease risk in HIV patients on protease inhibitors (PIs).
  • Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation is a marker for coronary atherosclerotic disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy on endothelial vasomotor function.
  • To assess brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in HIV-infected patients versus controls.

Main Methods:

  • Compared FMD in 75 HIV-infected patients with 223 HIV-uninfected controls.
  • Analyzed associations between FMD and various factors including drug use, alcohol, HIV load, and lipid levels.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • HIV patients showed significantly impaired FMD (7.3% +/- 4.4%) compared to controls (11.1% +/- 6.3%).
  • Impairment persisted after adjusting for smoking, sex, and BMI.
  • In HIV patients, FMD correlated with injection drug use, drinking, HIV load, and HDL-triglycerides, but not PI therapy.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection significantly impairs endothelial function.
  • Impaired endothelial function is exacerbated by higher HIV replication, particularly in injection drug users.