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Related Experiment Videos

Conductance in Water-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Mixtures.

J Komiyama1, R M Fuoss

  • 1Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 1, 1972
PubMed
Summary

Conductance in poly(vinyl alcohol)-water mixtures decreases with polymer content, but remains high in gels. Internal viscosity, controlling ion mobility, is similar to ordinary liquids, suggesting similar diffusion rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Polymer Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Polymer solutions exhibit complex rheological and transport properties.
  • Understanding ion transport in polymer-water mixtures is crucial for applications in electrolytes and membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) concentration on the electrical conductance and viscosity of aqueous solutions.
  • To determine the internal viscosity and its correlation with ionic mobility.
  • To infer the implications for diffusion-controlled processes in macromolecular media.

Main Methods:

  • Electrical conductance measurements of potassium chloride solutions in varying concentrations of poly(vinyl alcohol) at 25°C.
  • Viscosity measurements of the same polymer-water mixtures.

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  • Estimation of internal viscosity from conductance data.

    • Main Results:

    • Conductance decreased by 50% with 20% polymer, while viscosity increased dramatically.
    • High conductance was maintained in the elastomeric solid phase, decreasing significantly only near the glass transition.
    • Internal viscosity ranged from 0.01 to 0.14 over 0-55% polymer concentration, comparable to many liquids.

    Conclusions:

    • Ionic mobility in poly(vinyl alcohol)-water mixtures is governed by an internal viscosity that is not excessively high until high polymer concentrations.
    • Diffusion-controlled reaction rates in these polymer media are likely comparable to those in conventional solutions.