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Related Experiment Videos

Fluidity: a general theory.

J H Hildebrand1, R H Lamoreaux

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 1, 1972
PubMed
Summary
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This study validates a fluidity equation for simple liquids across a wide range of pressures and temperatures. The equation accurately describes liquid and compressed gas states, with parameter B reflecting molecular properties influencing viscous flow.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Thermodynamics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • The fluidity of simple liquids is accurately modeled by the equation φ = B(V - V(o))/V(o) between freezing and boiling points.
  • Understanding liquid and gas behavior under pressure is crucial for various chemical engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the applicability of the fluidity equation to high pressures (≥500 atm) and near-critical volumes.
  • To investigate the behavior of the parameter B in the critical region and compressed gas states.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental validation of the fluidity equation at elevated pressures.
  • Analysis of the parameter B as a function of temperature above the critical region.

Main Results:

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  • The fluidity equation holds true up to at least 500 atm and near critical volumes.
  • Parameter B becomes temperature-dependent in the compressed gas region.
  • Parameter V(o) represents a "corresponding states" fraction of critical molal volume.

Conclusions:

  • The validated fluidity equation provides a robust model for liquid and compressed gas behavior.
  • Parameter B offers insights into molecular mechanisms (mass, flexibility, rotational inertia) affecting viscous flow damping.