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Related Experiment Videos

The Webster method of apportionment.

M L Balinski1, H P Young

  • 1School of Organization and Management, Yale University, Box 1A, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 1, 1980
PubMed
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A new method for congressional apportionment.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·1974

The study suggests Daniel Webster's "Major Fractions" method is the fairest approach for U.S. Congressional apportionment. This method aligns best with common sense and historical precedent for fair representation.

Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • Mathematics
  • Public Policy

Background:

  • The U.S. Congress is reapportioned among states after each decennial census.
  • Various mathematical methods have been proposed and used for Congressional apportionment.
  • Ensuring fairness and equity in representation is a persistent challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate different methods of U.S. Congressional apportionment.
  • To determine which apportionment method is fairest based on established criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of results from several U.S. Congressional apportionment methods.
  • Evaluation using criteria derived from common sense and historical precedent.

Main Results:

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  • The Daniel Webster method, also known as "Major Fractions," emerged as the most equitable.
  • This method demonstrated superior fairness when assessed against key criteria.

Conclusions:

  • The "Major Fractions" method offers a demonstrably fair system for U.S. Congressional apportionment.
  • This approach aligns with principles of representation and historical precedent.