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A two-reservoir recycling model for mantle-crust evolution.

S B Jacobsen1, G J Wasserburg

  • 1Lunatic Asylum, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 1, 1980
PubMed
Summary

This study presents exact solutions for mantle-crust evolution using a two-reservoir model. It reveals that continents likely formed from a small mantle fraction, especially with significant refluxing impacting element residence times.

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Isotope Geochemistry
  • Planetary Science

Background:

  • The Earth's mantle and crust are key components of planetary evolution.
  • Understanding their chemical and isotopic evolution is crucial for deciphering Earth's history.
  • Previous models often simplified the complex processes of crustal growth and mantle recycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive exact solutions for isotopic compositions and concentrations in a two-reservoir mantle-crust evolution model.
  • To analyze the impact of arbitrary rates of crustal growth and mantle refluxing.
  • To investigate the implications for element residence times and continental origin.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an analytical two-reservoir model for mantle-crust evolution.

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  • Incorporated parameters such as chemical fractionation factors and mass-removal rates.
  • Derived exact solutions for isotopic compositions and concentrations.
  • Analyzed simplified cases where refluxing is proportional to crustal growth.

    • Main Results:

    • Provided exact solutions for isotopic compositions and concentrations under variable crustal growth and reflux rates.
    • Identified critical parameters: fractionation factors and mass-removal rates.
    • Derived a simplified analytic expression for the mean age of the crust with refluxing.
    • Demonstrated that significant refluxing leads to short residence times for incompatible elements in the mantle.

    Conclusions:

    • The two-reservoir model, with arbitrary rates, offers precise solutions for mantle-crust evolution.
    • Material balance, considering plausible concentrations, suggests continents originated from a small mantle fraction.
    • The model highlights the importance of refluxing in controlling element behavior and continental formation history.