Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System
Published on: May 9, 2021
Nonlinear saturation of ballooning modes in tokamaks and stellarators
F Bauer1, P Garabedian, O Betancourt
1Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10012.
Abstract:
The spectral code BETAS computes plasma equilibrium in a toroidal magnetic field B = [unk]s x [unk]Psi with remarkable accuracy because the finite difference scheme employed in the radial direction allows for discontinuities of the flux function Psi across the nested surfaces s = const. Instability of higher modes in stellarators like the Heliotron E can be detected in roughly an hour on the best supercomputers by calculating bifurcated equilibria that are defined over just one field period. The method has been validated by comparing results about nonlinear saturation of ballooning modes in tokamaks with numerical data from the PEST code.
Related Concept Videos
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
Types of Damping
Nuclear Fusion
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers energy to a nearby...
Damped Oscillations
Although friction and other non-conservative...
Modes of Standing Waves - I

