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Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and function on nonneuronal cells.

Lorise C Gahring1, Scott W Rogers

  • 1Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City VAMC, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. Lorise.Gahring@hsc.utah.edu

The AAPS Journal
|April 6, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Nicotine affects more than just the brain. This review explores how nicotine receptors on non-neuronal cells impact various diseases, offering new therapeutic targets for inflammation.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cigarettes contain numerous toxic agents, with nicotine primarily known as the addictive component.
  • Nicotine's effects are mainly studied in the brain and nervous system via neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR).
  • Emerging research indicates nAChRs are present on various non-neuronal cells throughout the body.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence for peripheral nAChR expression in non-neuronal cells.
  • To elucidate the role of these receptors in fundamental biological processes, particularly inflammation.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies and drug design considerations based on these findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating nAChR expression and function in non-neuronal cells.

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  • Analysis of evidence linking nAChR activity to various organ systems and diseases.
  • Synthesis of findings related to inflammation and nicotine's impact.

    • Main Results:

    • Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed on diverse non-neuronal cell types.
    • These peripheral nAChRs play significant roles in the consequences of nicotine use across multiple organ systems.
    • Evidence suggests nAChRs are involved in fundamental processes like inflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Peripheral nAChRs on non-neuronal cells are implicated in diseases such as ulcerative colitis, COPD, diabetes, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's.
    • Understanding nAChR function in non-neuronal cells offers novel therapeutic avenues for inflammatory diseases.
    • Knowledge of these pathways is crucial for designing safer interventional drugs.