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Related Experiment Videos

Mls--a retrovirus exploits the immune system.

H Acha-Orbea1, E Palmer

  • 1Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Epalinges, Switzerland.

Immunology Today
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Minor Lymphocyte Stimulating (Mls) antigens are endogenous superantigens encoded by mouse mammary tumor viruses (MMTV) integrated into the germ line. This retroviral origin influences T-cell repertoire modulation and suggests broader viral roles.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Minor Lymphocyte Stimulating (Mls) antigens are endogenous superantigens.
  • These antigens modulate the T-cell repertoire by inducing activation or deletion.
  • The precise origin of Mls antigens was previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the molecular identity of Minor Lymphocyte Stimulating (Mls) antigens.
  • To investigate the role of endogenous retroviruses in T-cell repertoire development.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analysis to identify Mls antigen encoding sequences.
  • Studies on the integration of mouse mammary tumor viruses (MMTV) into the germ line.

Main Results:

  • Mls antigens are encoded by mouse mammary tumor viruses (MMTV) that have integrated into the germ line as DNA proviruses.
  • Murine leukemia virus (MuLV) also exhibits similar superantigen properties, indicating a broader phenomenon.

Conclusions:

  • The retroviral origin of Mls antigens has been identified.
  • Endogenous retroviruses, such as MMTV and MuLV, play a significant role in shaping the T-cell repertoire through superantigen activity.

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