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MCTD: is it rare in India?

A Lawrence1, A Aggarwal, R Misra

  • 1Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India.

Clinical Rheumatology
|April 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzed 16 cases of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) in India over 13 years. Common symptoms included Raynaud

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a rare autoimmune disorder.
  • Limited data exists on MCTD prevalence and characteristics in the Indian population.
  • Understanding regional variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze cases of MCTD diagnosed at our institution over a 13-year period.
  • To describe the clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and outcomes of Indian MCTD patients.
  • To contribute to the limited existing literature on MCTD in India.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patient records from the last 13 years.
  • Inclusion of patients fulfilling established classification criteria for MCTD (Kasukawa, Sharp's, Alarcon-Sergovia).
  • Review of clinical features, laboratory data, and follow-up information.

Main Results:

  • Identified 16 cases of MCTD among 441 connective tissue disease patients.
  • The majority of patients (15 females) presented with Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly, puffy fingers, esophageal hypomotility, and pulmonary disease.
  • At a median follow-up of 12 months, 12 patients developed limited scleroderma features, and three developed pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • This study highlights the clinical profile of MCTD in an Indian cohort.
  • The observed manifestations align with international findings, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis.
  • Long-term follow-up revealed a significant progression towards limited scleroderma and pulmonary hypertension in this cohort.

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