Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
Ethnic differences in hiv disease progression: a comparison of Asian/Pacific Islanders and Whites living in Hawaii
Sheri M Shimizu1, Dominic C Chow, Alan R Katz
1Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, USA.
Objective:
To characterize the association of demographic factors with the relative hazards (RH) of developing AIDS or death among HIV-infected individuals of Asian/Pacific Islander (API) ethnicity and Whites.
Design:
Cohort study
Setting:
Hawaii State Health Department database of HIV-infected individuals
Patients Or Participants:
Hawaii Sero-Positivity and Medical Management (HSPAMM) program participants from January 1989 to November 2002
Interventions:
None
Main Outcome Measures:
Differences in the time to develop AIDS or death among HIV-infected individuals who reported being on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) were examined by ethnicity, income, and CD4+ cell counts at HAART initiation by using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard analyses.
Results:
The study was based on 516 HIV-infected individuals, who were primarily White (61.0%) and API (21.7%). Whites had a significantly higher CD4+ cell count (P<.01) and income (P<.01) than APIs at enrollment into HSPAMM. Lower income levels and CD4+ cell counts at HAART initiation were strongly associated with an increased RH of developing AIDS or dying. Despite having significantly lower incomes and CD4+ cell counts at enrollment, individuals of API ethnicity do not have an increased RH of developing the outcomes compared to Whites.
Conclusion:
Lower income and CD4+ cell counts at HAART initiation significantly increased the RH of developing AIDS or dying among HIV-infected individuals. Asian/Pacific Islander (API) ethnicity was not a predictor of developing AIDS or dying.
Related Concept Videos
Amebiasis
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups