Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

4D ultrafast electron diffraction, crystallography, and microscopy.

Ahmed H Zewail1

  • 1Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. zewail@caltech.edu

Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
|April 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultrafast Dynamics of Porphyrins in the Condensed Phase:  II. Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin<sup>†</sup>.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025
Same author

Spatiotemporal Imaging of Thickness-Induced Band-Bending Junctions.

Nano letters·2021
Same author

4D electron microscopy of T cell activation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2019
Same author

Direct Visualization of Photomorphic Reaction Dynamics of Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Liquid by Four-Dimensional Electron Microscopy.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2018
Same author

Observation of dynamical crater-shaped charge distribution in the space-time imaging of monolayer graphene.

Nanoscale·2018
Same author

Ultrafast Electron Diffraction of Transient [Fe(CO)<sub>4</sub> ]: Determination of Molecular Structure and Reaction Pathway.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2018
Same journal

Coadsorption of Atmospheric Surface-Active Organics at the Aqueous Interface: A Molecular Dynamics Study.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Control of Chemical Reactions in Radiofrequency Ion Traps.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Theories of Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity: A Pedagogical Overview.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Quantum Computing Beyond Ground-State Electronic Structure: A Review of Progress Toward Quantum Chemistry Out of the Ground State.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

First-Principles Simulations of Chemical Transformations in Nanoporous Materials and Industrial Catalysts.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Structure and Dynamics of Microhydrated Complexes Revealed with Rotational Spectroscopy.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
See all related articles

This review covers advances in 4D ultrafast electron diffraction (UED), crystallography (UEC), and microscopy (UEM). These techniques provide atomic-scale spatiotemporal resolution for studying transient structures in chemistry and biology.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Sciences
  • Chemical Sciences
  • Biological Sciences

Background:

  • Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED), crystallography (UEC), and microscopy (UEM) are powerful tools for probing matter dynamics.
  • Advancements in these techniques enable unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress in 4D ultrafast electron techniques.
  • To highlight concepts, methodologies, and applications.
  • To discuss future potential in diverse scientific fields.

Main Methods:

  • Development of 4D ultrafast electron diffraction (UED).
  • Advancements in 4D ultrafast electron crystallography (UEC).
  • Progress in 4D ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) using timed, single-electron packets.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Achieved joint atomic-scale resolutions in space and time.
  • Enabled determination of complex transient structures and assemblies.
  • Demonstrated applications in chemical reactions, interfaces, surfaces, nanocrystals, self-assembly, and biological cells.

Conclusions:

  • 4D UED, UEC, and UEM offer unique capabilities for dynamic structural studies.
  • These methods provide insights into phenomena across physics, chemistry, and biology.
  • Future applications are expected to expand significantly.