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Related Experiment Videos

Immunomodulation by 17beta-estradiol in bivalve hemocytes.

Laura Canesi1, Caterina Ciacci, Lucia Cecilia Lorusso

  • 1Istituto di Scienze Fisiologiche, Università Carlo Bo di Urbino, Italy. Laura.Canesi@unige.it

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
|April 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary

The natural estrogen 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) modulates immune cell functions in mussels. E(2) exhibits dose-dependent effects, stimulating or inhibiting immune responses, indicating a conserved role in immune regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Marine Biology

Background:

  • Estrogens influence mammalian immune cells, acting as pro- or anti-inflammatory agents.
  • The natural estrogen 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) affects neuroimmune functions in the bivalve mollusc Mytilus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunomodulatory role of E(2) in Mytilus hemocytes.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying E(2)-mediated immune responses in invertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo experiments using Mytilus hemocytes.
  • Assays for phagocytosis, oxyradical production, nitric oxide (NO) production, and lysosomal membrane stability.
  • Western blot analysis for protein phosphorylation (PKC, CREB).
  • Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy for estrogen receptor localization.

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Main Results:

  • E(2) at 5-25 nM stimulated phagocytosis and oxyradical production in Mytilus hemocytes; higher concentrations were inhibitory.
  • E(2)-induced oxidative burst involved nitric oxide synthase and superoxide.
  • Receptor-mediated mechanisms involving p38 MAPK, PKC, and CREB were identified.
  • In vivo studies showed E(2) affected hemocyte lysosomal membrane stability, phagocytosis, and enzyme release in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

  • E(2) plays a significant role in immunomodulation in Mytilus, with dose-dependent stimulatory and inhibitory effects.
  • The findings suggest a conserved physiological role for E(2) in immune function from invertebrates to mammals.
  • Estrogen signaling pathways are important for innate immunity in marine invertebrates.