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Osteomyelitis as a late complication of Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination

Ghamar Taj Khotaei1, Leyla Sedighipour, Fatemeh Fattahi

  • 1Department of Infectious Disease, Children Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. khotaei@sina.tums.ac.ir

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection = Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi
|April 11, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) osteomyelitis is a rare complication of BCG vaccination. This case study details a child

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is widely used for tuberculosis prevention.
  • Osteomyelitis, a bone infection, is an exceptionally rare adverse event following BCG vaccination.

Observation:

  • A 14-month-old boy presented with calf pain and swelling 11 months post-BCG vaccination.
  • Clinical and radiological findings led to a diagnosis of BCG osteomyelitis affecting the femur and tibia.
  • The patient had no underlying immunodeficiency.

Findings:

  • Antitubercular therapy combined with surgical intervention was initiated.
  • The bone lesions resolved completely following treatment.
  • The child experienced no long-term complications during an 11-month follow-up period.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering BCG osteomyelitis in infants with bone lesions after vaccination.
  • Prompt diagnosis and combined therapeutic approach are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Further research may elucidate risk factors and optimize management strategies for this rare condition.

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