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Related Experiment Videos

Leptogenesis from spin-gravity coupling following inflation.

Subhendra Mohanty1, A R Prasanna, G Lambiase

  • 1Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380 009, India.

Physical Review Letters
|April 12, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Gravitational waves during inflation split neutrino energy levels, creating lepton asymmetry. This asymmetry, via electroweak sphalerons, generates the baryon asymmetry observed in the universe.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle physics
  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • The origin of the universe's baryon asymmetry remains a key unsolved problem in physics.
  • Neutrino properties and their potential role in early universe cosmology are actively researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a mechanism for generating lepton asymmetry from neutrino properties in the early universe.
  • To explore the connection between neutrino masses, gravitational waves, and the generation of baryon asymmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing the effect of inflationary gravitational waves on neutrino energy levels.
  • Incorporating lepton-number-violating interactions, specifically a dimension-five operator responsible for neutrino masses.
  • Utilizing electroweak sphaleron processes to convert lepton asymmetry into baryon asymmetry.

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Main Results:

  • A net lepton asymmetry is generated at equilibrium due to the energy splitting of left- and right-handed neutrinos in a gravitational wave background.
  • The dimension-five operator responsible for neutrino masses also facilitates the necessary lepton number violation.
  • The generated lepton asymmetry can be converted into a baryon asymmetry of comparable magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • Inflationary gravitational waves, in conjunction with lepton-number-violating neutrino interactions, provide a viable mechanism for generating the observed baryon asymmetry.
  • This model connects neutrino mass generation to the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.