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Stroke and memory performance in elderly persons without dementia.

Christiane Reitz1, Jose A Luchsinger, Ming-Xin Tang

  • 1Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Archives of Neurology
|April 12, 2006
PubMed
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Stroke history is linked to faster memory decline in older adults, particularly men without the APOEepsilon4 gene. This cerebrovascular event also impacts abstract/visuospatial skills in this subgroup.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Conflicting data exist on stroke's impact on dementia risk and cognitive decline.
  • The direct relationship between cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline, independent of dementia, is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between stroke and longitudinal changes in cognitive function.
  • Focus on elderly individuals without pre-existing dementia or cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Neuropsychological test results over 5 years from 1271 cognitively healthy elderly participants.
  • Cognitive domains analyzed: memory, abstract/visuospatial, and language.
  • Generalized estimating equations used to assess stroke's impact on cognitive performance slopes.

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Main Results:

  • Memory performance showed a decline over time; abstract/visuospatial and language remained stable.
  • Stroke was associated with accelerated memory decline.
  • No significant association between stroke and decline in abstract/visuospatial or language performance was found, except for abstract/visuospatial decline in APOEepsilon4 non-carriers.

Conclusions:

  • Stroke history correlates with progressive decline in memory and abstract/visuospatial functions.
  • This decline is more pronounced in men and individuals lacking the APOEepsilon4 allele.