[Laparoscopic splenectomy for epithelial cyst of the spleen]

Splenic cysts of all types are a relatively rare entity. The origin of epithelial cysts of the spleen is controversial, most probably congenital in origin. Generally, epithelial cysts of the spleen are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman with a 3.5 cm splenic cyst diagnosed four years before. The cyst raised progressively in dimension, the actual size being of 6.5 cm. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance showed a central splenic cyst in close relations with main splenic vessels. An initial indication of partial splenectomy was established, eventually a total splenectomy being performed by laparoscopy due to close relations of the cyst with the main hilar splenic vessels. The hemostasis was assured with the aid of Ligasure Atlas 10 mm instrument. The pathology examination revealed a multilocular splenic cyst with a cuboidal epithelial lining. Central localization of splenic cysts represents an indication for total splenectomy. Laparoscopy provides a minimal access method of obtaining pathological confirmation of diagnosis, reduction of cyst complications, and a short hospital stay. This article discusses different aspects of epithelial cysts related to pathology, diagnostic and indications for operative treatment, a review of the literature being also presented.