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Related Experiment Videos

A decrease in the plasma DHEA to cortisol ratio during smoking abstinence may predict relapse: a preliminary study.

Ann M Rasmusson1, Ran Wu, Prashni Paliwal

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA National Center for PTSD, West Haven, CT 06516, USA. ann.rasmusson@yale.edu

Psychopharmacology
|April 13, 2006
PubMed
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A lower dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)/cortisol ratio during smoking abstinence predicts relapse. Changes in this ratio may also influence depressive symptoms, particularly in women, suggesting potential new interventions for smoking dependence.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Depressive symptoms during smoking cessation are linked to relapse risk.
  • Plasma levels of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)/DHEA-sulfate (DHEAS) correlate with depressive symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between changes in plasma cortisol, DHEA, or DHEAS levels and depressive symptoms during smoking cessation.
  • To determine if these changes predict smoking relapse.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy male and female smokers (average 22 cigarettes/day) underwent 8 days of verified smoking abstinence.
  • Measurements included depressive symptoms, withdrawal symptoms, and plasma steroid levels (cortisol, DHEA, DHEAS) pre- and post-abstinence.
  • Relapse status was assessed at day 15.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • A trend suggested changes in depressive symptoms were associated with relapse in the full sample (n=63).
  • In a subset (n=25), a significant interaction was found between the change in the plasma DHEA/cortisol ratio and relapse status.
  • Relapsed subjects had a lower DHEA/cortisol ratio at day 8 compared to abstinent subjects; this ratio change tended to predict depressive symptom changes in women.

Conclusions:

  • A decreased plasma DHEA/cortisol ratio during 8 days of smoking abstinence is associated with relapse in the subsequent week.
  • Further research is needed to clarify sex-specific relationships between neuroactive steroid changes, symptoms, and relapse.
  • Findings may inform novel interventions for difficult-to-treat smoking dependence.