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'Round head' sperm defect. Ultrastructural and meiotic segregation study.

E Moretti1, G Collodel, G Scapigliati

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Biology Section, University of Siena, Regional Referral Center for Male Infertility, Siena University General Hospital, Italy.

Journal of Submicroscopic Cytology and Pathology
|April 15, 2006
PubMed
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Globozoospermia, a rare sperm defect, involves round-headed sperm lacking acrosomes and is genetic. This condition correlates with chromosomal abnormalities, increasing aneuploid embryo risk in assisted reproduction.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Human Genetics
  • Spermatozoa Morphology

Background:

  • Globozoospermia (sperm 'round head' defect) is an uncommon sperm morphology alteration.
  • Characterized by 100% round-headed sperm lacking acrosomes, it's a genetic defect.
  • Genetic basis suggested by incidence in infertile men with consanguinity and family history.

Observation:

  • Ultrastructural and meiotic segregation of sperm from two globozoospermia patients analyzed.
  • Sperm quality assessed via light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) investigated meiotic behavior of sex chromosomes and chromosome 18.

Findings:

  • TEM confirmed globozoospermia and revealed co-existing pathologies: immaturity, apoptosis, and necrosis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hypothesized round-headed sperm as a 'weak phenotype' exacerbating other sperm pathologies.
  • FISH analysis showed a correlation between globozoospermia and increased sex chromosome disomies and diploidies.

    • Implications:

    • Globozoospermia may indicate a higher risk of aneuploid embryo formation.
    • Suggests increased risk of aneuploid embryo creation post-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
    • Highlights the complex interplay between genetic defects and other sperm pathologies impacting fertility.