Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 6, 2026
08:06
Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
Published on: February 23, 2017
Effect of carrier ionic strength in microscale cyclical electrical field-flow fractionation
Ameya S Kantak1, Merugu Srinivas, Bruce K Gale
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, MEB Room 2110, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-9202, USA.
Analytical Chemistry
|April 18, 2006
Summary
Altering carrier ionic strength in cyclical electrical field-flow fractionation (CyElFFF) significantly impacts nanoparticle retention. High ionic strength solutions lead to poor performance, limiting applications.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Separation Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Cyclical electrical field-flow fractionation (CyElFFF) shows potential for separation and analysis.
- The influence of carrier composition on CyElFFF performance is not well understood.
- Altering carrier ionic conditions affects the electrical properties of microscale CyElFFF systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of increasing carrier ionic strength on nanoparticle retention in CyElFFF.
- To evaluate the impact of varying pH levels on nanoparticle retention within the CyElFFF system.
Main Methods:
- Experiments were conducted using polystyrene particles in a CyElFFF microsystem.
- Carrier solutions of varying ionic strengths (ammonium carbonate) and pH levels were utilized.
- Experimental results were compared against existing CyElFFF theory.
Main Results:
- Carrier ionic strength significantly influences nanoparticle retention in CyElFFF.
- Increased ionic strength of the carrier solution leads to a substantial decrease in retention.
- High ionic strength carrier solutions result in poor performance of the CyElFFF system.
Conclusions:
- The ionic strength of the carrier is a critical factor affecting CyElFFF performance.
- High ionic strength carriers compromise the effectiveness of CyElFFF for nanoparticle separation and analysis.
- Findings have implications for optimizing CyElFFF applications, particularly in the biomedical field.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:09Ion-Exchange Chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
01:20Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation
Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
01:30Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
01:21Carrier Transport
The generation of electrical current in semiconductors is fundamentally driven by two mechanisms: drift and diffusion. These processes are essential for the functionality and performance of semiconductor-based devices.
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
01:23Theory of Strong Electrolytes
The interionic forces of the strong electrolytes depend on the solvent's dielectric constant, which is the ability of a solvent to store electrical energy, based on its polarizability. and the solution's concentration. In high-dielectric solvents and in dilute solutions, weak electrostatic forces keep ions apart. However, in low-dielectric solvents or concentrated solutions, stronger interionic forces may cause ions to pair up as ionic doublets despite being fully ionized. The theory of strong...
01:28Debye–Huckel–Onsager Conductance Equation
The Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation is a cornerstone of physical chemistry, providing a method to determine the molar conductance (Λm) and molar conductance at infinite dilution (Λ°m) for uni-univalent electrolytes.Uni-univalent electrolytes are electrolytes that dissociate in solution to produce one cation with a +1 charge and one anion with a –1 charge per formula unit.This equation addresses two crucial phenomena: the asymmetry effect and the electrophoretic effect. According to this equation,...