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Related Experiment Videos

UV matters in shoaling decisions.

Ricarda Modarressie1, Ingolf P Rick, Theo C M Bakker

  • 1University of Bonn, Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Okologie, An der Immenburg 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany. rmodarressie@evolution.uni-bonn.de

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|April 19, 2006
PubMed
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Three-spined sticklebacks prefer shoaling with fish visible under ultraviolet (UV) light. This study reveals UV wavelengths significantly influence fish grouping decisions, impacting their social behavior.

Area of Science:

  • Animal behavior
  • Sensory ecology
  • Ichthyology

Background:

  • Fish shoaling is influenced by various factors including visual cues.
  • The visual systems of many vertebrates, including fish, extend into the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum.
  • Ultraviolet light perception plays a role in fish behavior, but its impact on shoaling is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths on the shoaling behavior of three-spined sticklebacks.
  • To determine if fish prefer to associate with conspecifics viewed under UV-transmitting or UV-blocking conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Three-spined sticklebacks were presented with a choice between two shoals of equal size.
  • One shoal was viewed through a UV-transmitting filter [UV(+)], and the other through a UV-blocking filter [UV(-)].

Related Experiment Videos

  • Control experiments using neutral-density filters were conducted to account for luminance differences.

    • Main Results:

    • Test fish significantly preferred to join the shoal viewed under UV(+) conditions.
    • Control experiments indicated a trade-off between UV radiation and lower brightness in shoal choice.
    • Fish spent more time near shoals in darker environments, suggesting luminance is a factor.

    Conclusions:

    • Shoaling decisions in three-spined sticklebacks are influenced by the presence or absence of UV wavelengths.
    • This is the first study to demonstrate that UV light perception affects fish shoaling behavior.
    • UV cues play a significant role in mediating social grouping in fish.