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Related Experiment Video

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Modulation of intracortical synaptic potentials by presynaptic somatic membrane potential.

Yousheng Shu1, Andrea Hasenstaub, Alvaro Duque

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.

Nature
|April 21, 2006
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Summary

Synaptic activity in dendrites and soma influences not only action potential firing but also the amplitude of postsynaptic potentials. This reveals a mixed analogue and triggered signaling mechanism in cortical circuits.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neuronal communication traditionally involves synaptic potentials in dendrites/soma, followed by action potential initiation in the axon.
  • Action potential propagation is considered the sole rapid information transfer mechanism from soma to postsynaptic neurons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the propagation of voltage fluctuations along the axon.
  • To determine how somatic membrane potential modulates axonal action potentials and postsynaptic potentials.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings in the cerebral cortex.
  • Manipulation of somatic membrane potential.
  • Calcium imaging to assess Ca2+-dependent mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Dendrosomatic synaptic activity voltage fluctuations propagate significantly along the axon.
  • Somatic membrane potential changes modulate axonal action potential amplitude and duration.
  • A Ca2+-dependent mechanism links somatic activity to postsynaptic potential amplitude.

Conclusions:

  • Synaptic activity in dendrites and soma controls both action potential patterns and synaptic potential amplitude.
  • Cortical circuits utilize a mixed analogue and triggered signaling system for synaptic transmission.