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Efavirenz-induced urolithiasis.

G J Wirth1, J Teuscher, J D Graf

  • 1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. jgwirth@yahoo.com

Urological Research
|April 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This case report details the first instance of efavirenz (EFV) causing kidney stones in an HIV patient. The drug

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Efavirenz (EFV) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV.
  • EFV is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes and partially excreted in urine.
  • Previous literature has not reported EFV-induced urolithiasis.

Observation:

  • A 47-year-old HIV-positive patient developed urinary obstruction, pyelonephritis, and septic shock.
  • Emergency ureteral catheterization was required to relieve the obstruction.
  • A 7 mm, radio-translucent stone was extracted during the procedure.

Findings:

  • Stone analysis revealed a composition of efavirenz metabolites (M4, M5, M8) and unspecified proteins.
  • The patient had been on a daily 600 mg dose of EFV for three years.

Related Experiment Videos

  • This is the first documented case of efavirenz-induced urolithiasis.

    • Implications:

    • Highlights a potential severe adverse effect of efavirenz therapy.
    • Suggests the need for increased awareness among clinicians regarding EFV-associated urolithiasis.
    • May prompt further investigation into the mechanisms of EFV metabolite stone formation.