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Related Experiment Videos

Memantine for dementia.

R McShane1, A Areosa Sastre, N Minakaran

  • 1University of Oxford, Department of Psychiatry, Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group,Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK, OX2 6HE. rupert.mcshane@psych.ox.ac.uk

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Memantine offers a small benefit for moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) at six months, improving cognition, daily living, and behavior. It is well-tolerated and may reduce agitation in dementia patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Memantine acts as a low-affinity antagonist to glutamate NMDA receptors.
  • It is investigated for its potential to prevent excitotoxic neurotoxicity in dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of memantine in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), and mixed dementia.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group Specialized Register and other databases was conducted.
  • Included were double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomized trials of memantine in individuals with dementia.
  • Data were pooled, and both intention-to-treat (ITT) and observed case (OC) analyses were reported.

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Main Results:

  • In moderate to severe AD, memantine showed a small, statistically significant benefit in cognition, activities of daily living, and behavior at six months.
  • In mild to moderate AD, a marginal cognitive benefit was observed on ITT analysis, but not clinically detected on global measures.
  • For mild to moderate vascular dementia, a small cognitive and behavioral benefit was noted, but not supported by global measures.
  • Memantine was associated with a reduced likelihood of developing agitation and was generally well-tolerated.

Conclusions:

  • Memantine demonstrates a small beneficial effect at six months in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.
  • In mild to moderate dementia, the cognitive benefits were more pronounced in AD than in vascular dementia.
  • Memantine is a well-tolerated medication for dementia treatment.